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Sunday, 12 December 2010

Cidermaking 2010 October 17th

After much too much prevarication, we've finally got round to some respectable cider-making. There is nothing to it whatsoever, honest.  We borrowed a small press from farming friends and with it a large plastic bucket and a fence post with a metal bar set cross-ways through one end.  Using the fence post, we mashed the apples to a fine pulp in the plastic bucket and loaded the mash into the net curtain, which forms an inner bag to the press.   
Next we squeezed the pulp into a jug until no more juice could come out of it, and poured the juice into a pressurised 40 litre plastic beer barrel (see below). We repeated this until the barrel was full, then screwed the cap down tight.  No sugar, no yeast, no ham, no rats.  It took a surprising number of apples, but a relatively short period of time to accomplish.

 Cider in its pressurised barrel, ready to drink by December.
(Note the sediment settled out at the base)

Having filled the barrel with pure cold-pressed apple juice, we sat the barrel on a windowsill in the cool larder and left it.  The pressure built up, the apple juice corrupted slowly, and fermented. With a little taste-testing along the way, we have found that fermentation ceased by the end of November (when the temperature fell).  The juice is no longer sugary at all, and what we have in the barrel is a dry apply cider of a moderate strength. No doubt we could increase the strength by adding wine-making yeast and sugar.  But it doesn't seem like we need to. The end result is very pleasing, but unlikely to last until Christmas for supply and demand reasons.  There was a lot of talk about secondary fermentation in May, when the larger warms up again, but since the cider is unlikely to survive that long, any questions on that theme are academic. Theoretically it would keep on improving until next summer.

(I) Apple Wine December 2010

December Apple Wine


Although it seems a bit late in the year to start the apple wine, its the first chance we've had.  We're using cooking apples which we picked in September/October from the orchard.  They seem fine and fresh, so we have followed these steps today:
  1. Sliced the apples roughly and mashed them in a bag with a meat tenderiser.
  2. Squeezed and halved two lemons
  3. Added apples and lemons into a large sterilised wine barrel (60 litres).
  4. Poured over several kettles of boiling water.
  5. Stirred the apples.
  6. Covered the apples with tap water (about 20 litres) - we used to use spring water from Malvern but the car isn't up to the trip today.
  7. Stirred in 2kg of granulated sugar (all we have today).
  8. Added two sachets of 'champagne' yeast to warm water, left it to start fermenting, then added to the barrel of apples, sugar and water.
  9. Left the barrel in the outhouse with a clean cloth covering it. 
Mashing the apples
We need to: 
  1. stir the apple barrel daily for a week.
  2. add a further 10kg of sugar and one more sachet of yeast.
  3. remove the apple pulp and top up the water at the end of the week.
Leave it for a week.




Elderberry Wine IV: Racking the Wine




The fourth instalment of the elderberry wine.  Its December 12th, and rather later than planned (it must be said), we racked off the elderberry from one PVA barrel to another identical one.

All we've done today is to sterilise a second barrel using crushed campden tablets, and to transfer the icor into it using a tube and some muslin. As you can see, the whole thing has the appearance of a nasty blood transfusion service or a particularly gory operation. Put the tube into the full barrel which is sitting on a stool above the height of the new clean empty barrel. Suck on the tube until the wine begins to flow, then all that is necessary is to ensure that the one end stays covered by liquid, and that the squirty end doesn't pour red wine all over your clothes and the floor. Its a question of aim. 
The purpose of racking off wine at this stage is to separate the useful liquid (the proto-wine) from the dead yeast cells, the bits of fruit which escape the previous filtration, and unwanted dead livestock, etc. Removing gunk from the wine is good. We should have done this three weeks ago though.

Wine transfusion.

In line with tips from my gardening diary, we have also added 14 crushed campden tablets, which should stop any further fermentation, and help to clear the wine, which at this stage is still cloudy (as expected).